Sigmund Freud was an Austrian doctor who explored the workings of
the human mind .He developed psychoanalysis, which is both a way treating
neurosis, or mental disturbances, and a theory of how the mind works.
Freud was born in Moravia, now part of Czechoslovakia. When he was
four, his family moved to Vienna, Austria. Freud entered the University of
Vienna when he was 17.One day he attended a lecture on nature. He was so
fascinated that he made up his mind to become a doctor.
Freud became interested in diseases of the mind. In 1885, he won a
fellowship to study in Paris under the guidance of a doctor, Jean Martin
Chariot, who was famous for his work on this kind of diseases. The next
year, Freud returned to Vienna, married, and began to treat diseases of the
mind.
Freud ha great insight into the human mind .He thought that every
person is born whit certain needs, he said, are unconscious - people are not a
ware of thinking a bout such needs. Freud named the part of mind
controlling these instinctive unconscious needs the id, and said that person's
id operates to give pleasure.
Freud also said that, as we grow up from infancy, we acquire an ego, a
collection of memories and thoughts that help us deal with the word around
us. We continue to grow, and from the teaching of our family and society,
we develop a superego- a conscience. Our superego and id often push in
opposite ways .Our ego usually reduces this conflict by helping us to get
pleasure without "hurting " our conscience.
But if a person unconscious thoughts and needs are very strong, they
may cause unusual behavior, or neurosis. Freud's treatment for neurosis is
psychoanalysis (examination of the mind), a method for uncovering these
unconscious thoughts and understanding how they cause problems, Freud
thoughts that dreams - even dreams that seem to make no sense- are a very
important clue to understanding the mind.
Glossary
Explore : menyelidiki
Neurosis ganguan mental Disturbances : gangguan
Fascinated : tertarik, terpesona
Diseases : penyakit
Fellowship : beasiswa
Insight : perhatian, wawasan
Unconscious : tidak sadar
Id : keinginan, nafsu
Ego : tindakan untuk mendapatkan keinginan
Superego : norma (yang mengontrol tindakan/ego)
Pleasure : kesenangan
Infancy : masa kecil
Acquire : mendapatkan
Uncovering : menemukan
Developed : membangun
Thought : berpikir
Lecturer : dosen
Exercise 1
Answer these following questions based on the above text,
1. When was Sigmund Freud born?
He was born in Moravia, now part of Czechoslovakia on 1856
2. How old did he die?
He died when he was 83 years old
3. What was he concerned whit?
He was concerned with explored the working of human mind
4. When did he join University? What major did he study?
When he was 17. The major he did study was a doctor ( diseases of mind )
5. Why did he want to be a doctor?
Because he was so fascinated that he made his mind up to become a doctor
6. Who is jean martin chariot?
Jean Martin, who was famous for his work on this kind of diseases
7. According to Freud, food and drink are unconscious needs .Why did he
say so?
Freud said food and drink are unconscious needs because every person is born with certain needs, he said, are unconscious-people are not aware of thinking about such needs. Freud named the part of mind controlling these instinctive unconscious need the id, and Freud said that person’s id operate to give pleasure.
8. These needs, he sad, are unconscious - people are no aware of thinking
about such needs. What does "dash" (-)" mean?
Explain what unconscious is
9. Mention the examples of conscious needs and don't forget to explain
each.
Nature is what we are consciously aware at certain times, such as direct sensing, memory, thoughts
10. What do id, ego, and superego mean? Explain by giving examples of
each?
Id=awisor longing EXAMPLE : an increase in hunger or thirst should produce an immediate attempt to eat or drink
superego=somethingwhichcontrollinganact EXAMPLE : warn and ban because the food was not hers, taking items that do not belong is not good or sinful.
Ego=anact to get desire EXAMPLE : started to organize themselves. His position became difficult, ego-driven id (lust) to satisfy immediate needs (eating food) in any way, while the super-ego forbade him to act because of its moral basis.
